The photoluminescence intensity is decreasing over 50 ns. Overall, the graph shows how different ETL materials in different concentrations emit light, and it is often used as a parameter for measuring how effective the material is as the electron transport layer.įigure 3(c) shows the radioactive decay of the excited state. For each PL intensity data entry, an emission spectra was done and the peak intensity was recorded. Normalized PL intensity is calculated by taking the max PL intensity as “one” and normalize the rest of the data as the ratio to the max PL intensity. normalized PL intensity for different materials of ETL on perovskite solar cells. (d) Plausible schematic of diffusion process on the PCBM layer.įigure 3(a) shows the concentration vs. Within the design that is proposed in this paper, broadband absorption of MoS 2 -based absorber that covers the entire visible spectrum, from 400 nm to 780 nm, with absorption efficiencies above. (c) Lifetime decays of different perovskite films. (a) Photogenerated carriers with PL intensity. Namkoong, “New PCBM/carbon based electron transport layer for perovskite solar cells”, Phys. PL spectroscopy is useful in determining the electronic structure and properties of materials as it gives the peak light intensity that materials are able to emit for a certain wavelength.Ī. The intensity of the light is plotted against the wavelength on the spectrum. Similar to fluorescence spectroscopy, a fixed wavelength is used to excite electrons and different wavelengths of light will be emitted. (taken from Wikipedia on “Photoluminescence”) Schematic for excitation and relaxation processes of photoluminescence (relaxation) The photo-excitation and relaxation processes can be represented graphically in a figure below. (excitation) When the electrons come down from the excited states to their equilibrium states, the energy can be released in the form of light. As the light is directed onto a sample, the electrons within the material move into excited states. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is a form of light emission spectroscopy in which the light emission comes from a process called photo-excitation.
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